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小年（别称：祭灶节、灶王节）是中国的传统节日之一，是祭祀灶君的节日。北方的小年时间是2021年2月4日，农历腊月廿三，而南方的小年时间是2021年2月5日，农历腊月廿四。小年是整个春节庆祝活动的伏笔，意味着人们要开始准备年货，其主要活动有两项：扫年和祭灶，表达了人们辞旧迎新，迎祥纳福的美好愿望。这一天家家户户黎明即起，扫房擦窗。

那么，小年用英语怎么说？是“small year”吗？今天Vivian学姐就带大家学习有关小年的一些知识吧！

“小年”用英语怎么说？

根据《现代汉语词典》的解释，“小年”一词指的是：

节日，腊月二十三或二十四日，旧俗这天祭灶。

即：festival on the 23rd or 24th of the 12th month of the lunar year, when sacrifices are made to the kitchen god

即：festival on the 23rd or 24th of the 12th month of the lunar year, when sacrifices are made to the kitchen god

关于小年，官媒是这样报道的↓

▲新华网英文报道

▲中国网英文报道

▲CGTN报道

▲新华网英文报道

▲人民网英文报道

因此，小年的英文表达是“Little New Year”“Xiaonian”或者“Minor New Year”。

Little New Year (Xiaonian), usually a week before the lunar New Year, falls on Feb 5th this year. It is also known as the Festival of the Kitchen God, the deitywho overseesthe moral character of each household.

■Kitchen God灶神，灶王爷

They are offering sacrifice to the Kitchen God. 他们正在给 灶王爷提供贡品。

see the kitchen god off送灶神

■deity[ˈdeɪəti]作名词，表示God or goddess.神，神性，神明

a deityrevered by thousands of Hindus and Buddhists.

…一个受到成千上万印度教教徒和佛教徒敬仰的神。

■oversee[ˌoʊvərˈsiː]作动词，表示watch and direct，监督，审查

General Sachet is ordered to overseesuch executions.

萨西尔将军受命监督了这些处决。

overseethe moral character of each household

监督每家人的道德品性

“小年”有什么习俗？

小

年

的

由

来

传说灶王爷原为平民张生，娶妻之后终日花天酒地，败尽家业沦落到上街行乞。 一天，他乞讨到了前妻郭丁香家，羞愧难当，一头钻到灶锅底下烧死了。玉帝知道后，认为张生能回心转意，还没坏到底，既然死在了锅底，就把他封为灶王，每年腊月二十三、二十四上天汇报，大年三十再回到灶底。老百姓觉得灶王一定要敬重，因为他要上天汇报。于是，民间就有了腊月二十三、二十四的祭灶“小年”，祈求来年平安和财运。

了解了小年的由来

你是不是更想知道

小年有哪些习俗了呢

学姐带你了解一下吧

祭灶王

Offer sacrifices to Kitchen God

In one of the most distinctive traditions of the Little New Year is the burning of a paper image of the Kitchen God, dispatchingthe god’s spirit to Heaven to report on the family’s conductover the past year. The Kitchen God is then welcomed back by to the home through the pasting of a new paper image of him beside the stove. From this vantage point, the Kitchen God will oversee and protect the household for another year.

“小年”最具特色的风俗就是“祭灶王”，具体来讲就是将旧的灶王像烧掉，送“灶王”上天禀报这家人过去一年的善恶。大年三十的晚上，要在灶台旁贴一张新的灶王像，也就是“接灶”。这样，来年“灶王爷”就能继续监督并庇佑这一家人。

■offer sacrifices toKitchen God祭灶王

They are offering sacrifice to the Kitchen God. 他们正在给 灶王爷提供贡品。

■dispatch[dɪˈspætʃ] 作动词，表示send sth away towards a designated goal，派遣，发送

The victory inspired him to dispatcha gleeful telegram to Roosevelt.

胜利鼓舞了他发喜电给罗斯福。

■conduct[kənˈdʌkt] 作名词，表示(behavioral attributes) the way a person behaves toward other people，行为方式，举止

He was ejected for unsporting conduct.

他因为不符合运动员道德的行为被驱逐。

■vantage point(便于观察的) 有利位置

From this vantage point,I could see the country we had traveled through and the country we were to enter.

从这个有利位置，我可以看到我们游历过的国家和我们将要进入的国家。

Most of the offerings are sweets of various varieties. It is thought that this will sealthe Kitchen God’s mouth and encourage him to only say good things about the family when he ascends toheaven to make his report.

人们还会在祭灶时给灶王爷摆上多种甜点做贡品，认为这会堵住灶王爷的嘴，让他上天汇报时只说好话。

■seal[ si:l ]作动词，表示make sth tight or secure against leakage，密封

Eat first ‘they shouted and all wanted to seal my mouthwith rice and dishes. 他们嚷着吃饭先，都想用饭菜来 封我的嘴巴。

■ascend to升至，追溯

ascend toa former century追溯到前一世纪 ; 追溯到上一个世纪

ascend tothe sky升上天

ascend to power掌权

ascend tothe abyss走向深渊

大扫除

House cleaning

Between Laba Festival, on the eighth day of the last lunar month, and Little New Year, on the twenty-third day, families throughout China undertake a thorough house cleaning, sweeping out the old in preparation for the New Year.

从腊八到小年这段时间，中国大部分家庭都会彻底清扫房屋，“辞旧迎新”。

■sweep out the old in preparation for the New Year辞旧迎新

sweep out 清除，扫除

Chinese people would sweep outtheir houses before the Spring Festival. 在春节前，中国人会打扫干净房屋。

According to Chinese folk beliefs, during the last month of the year ghosts and deities must choose either to return to Heaven or to stay on Earth. It is believed that in order to ensure the ghosts and deities’ timely departure people must thoroughly clean both their persons and their dwellings, down toevery last drawer and cupboard.

根据中国民间习俗，鬼魂和神灵都要在腊月选择返回天上还是留在人间。为了保证“他们”及时离开，人们必须彻底进行清扫，包括个人卫生和住所，抽屉和碗柜的犄角旮旯也都要打扫干净。

■dwelling[ˈdwelɪŋ]作名词，表示a place where someone lives.住所; 居住地

After dwellingin Rio for ten years, she moved to Lisbon.

她在里约居住了10年之后迁居到里斯本去了。

■every last每一个；全部

We spent every lastpenny we had on the house.

我们把所有的钱都花在房子上了。

吃关东糖

Eat Guandong candy

Guandong candy is a traditional snack that Chinese people eat on the Festivel of the Kitchen God.

关东糖是人们在小年吃的传统小吃。

People will melt Guandong candy and apply it on the Kitchen God’s mouth, wishing the Kitchen God will say somethng nice to the Jade Emperor instead of speaking ill ofthe household.

人们还要把关东糖用火融化，涂在灶王爷的嘴上，这样他就不能在玉帝面前说坏话。

■speak ill of诋毁；说…的坏话

It’s not a virtue to speak ill ofothers in private.

私底下说别人坏话不是一种美德。

We spent every lastpenny we had on the house.

我们把所有的钱都花在房子上了。

贴窗花

Paste paper-cuts to windows

In the Little New Year, old coupletsand paper-cuts from the previous Spring Festival are taken down, and new window decorations, New Year’s posters, and auspiciousdecorations are pasted up.

小年当天，人们会取下前一年的春联和窗花，贴上新的窗花、年画和各种吉祥的装饰品。

■couplet[ˈkʌplət]作名词，表示two lines of poetry which come next to each other, especially two lines that rhyme with each other and are the same length. 对句; 对联

This antithetical coupletis my father’s handwriting. 这幅 对联是父亲的亲笔。

■auspicious[ɔːˈspɪʃəs]作名词，表示auguring favorable circumstances and good luck. 吉祥的，吉利的

auspiciousday吉日良辰 ; 黄道吉日 ; 吉日 ; 好日子

AuspiciousOmen吉祥 ; 祯祥 ; 吉利 ; 吉兆

沐浴理发

Bath and hair-cut

As the old Chinese saying goes, whether they’re rich or poor, people often have a haircut before the Spring Festival. The activity of taking bath and haircut is often taken on the Little New Year.

民间有“有钱没钱，剃头过年”的说法。小年时，人们常要沐浴理发。

置办年货

Preparations for Spring Festival

People start to stock upnecessary provisionsfor the Spring Festival since the Little New Year. Everything needed to make offerings to the ancestors, entertain guests, and feed the family over the long holiday must be purchased in advance.

从小年开始，人们就要为春节置办年货了，包括给祖先的供品、招待客人的用品，还有过年期间一家人的吃食都要提前买好。

■stock up备货，囤货

The authorities have urged people to stock upon fuel.

当局已敦促人们大量储备燃料。

■provision[prəˈvɪʒn]作名词，表示If you make provision for something that might happen or that might need to be done, you make arrangements to deal with it. 准备，供给

Mr. Kurtz asked if it had ever occurred to her to make provisionfor her retirement. 库尔茨先生问她是否想过要为退休做好 准备。

Special provisionshould be made for children.

应该给孩子们特别的供给。

好啦，关于小年的英文知识大家都get了吗？

小年之后年味浓

游子归来话团圆

愿你乡音无改

愿你平安快乐

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