原标题：仰卧位冲击波碎石治疗学龄前儿童下段输尿管结石
作者：医学镜界
【摘要】 目的：报告仰卧位冲击波碎石治疗学龄前儿童下段输尿管结石的疗效。方法：下段输尿管结石患儿22例。结石长径为5～16mm，平均6.8mm。在氯胺酮分离麻醉下，应用Dornier Compact S型X线定位式冲击波碎石机治疗。全部患儿均采用仰卧位，冲击波从腰骶侧经坐骨大孔和坐骨小孔的骨性间隙聚焦于治疗目标。结果：SWL冲击次数为600~3000次，平均2346.2±483.8次。脉冲能量维持在4~5档，平均4.5档。患儿均在一期内排净结石，其中2周清石率为78.2%，3月清石率为100%。未发生任何麻醉意外以及严重SWL并发症。结论：采用仰卧位冲击波碎石治疗学龄前儿童下段输尿管结石的效果安全有效。
【关键词】：输尿管结石；碎石术；儿童
Shockwave lithotripsy in the supine position: treatmentof stonesforthe preschool age children with distal ureteral calculi. SunXizhao，WangYing，LuJjianlin.Department of urology, drum tower hospital,Nanjing University, Nanjing 21008.
【Abstract】Objective The aim of our study is to determine the efficacy and safety of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL)using supine positionas a method of treatment of distal ureteral stone in preschool age children. Methods 22 patients suffering from distal ureteral stone with average6.8mm (range 5～16mm)indimension were treated in supine position using Dornier Compact Swith X-ray localization.Theshockwave focusonthe stone via the sciaticum majus foramenfrom lumbosacral side.Procedures were performed under Ketamine in all patients.Result All patient werefree of stones after 1 SWL session.The stone-free rate was 78.2%at two weeks follow-up. The overall success rate was 100% at 3-month follow-up. There are negligible complicationsduring the intraoperative or postoperative periods.Conclusion Ourstudy demonstrates that SWL using supine positionis safe and effectiveas a method of treatment of distal ureteral stone in preschool age children.
【Keywords】ureteral stones;lithotripsy;children
冲击波碎石(SWL)是当今治疗下段输尿管结石的标准方法[1]。对于成年人下段输尿管结石，通常是采用经腹入路的俯卧位SWL[1,2]。然而，由于学龄前儿童在SWL时需用全身麻醉，采用俯卧位碎石往往会影响患儿的呼吸及其生命体征的监控。为克服这一弊端，我们对其试行了仰卧位SWL，以下报道治疗效果并扼要讨论相关技术问题。
作者：医学镜界
【摘要】 目的：报告仰卧位冲击波碎石治疗学龄前儿童下段输尿管结石的疗效。方法：下段输尿管结石患儿22例。结石长径为5～16mm，平均6.8mm。在氯胺酮分离麻醉下，应用Dornier Compact S型X线定位式冲击波碎石机治疗。全部患儿均采用仰卧位，冲击波从腰骶侧经坐骨大孔和坐骨小孔的骨性间隙聚焦于治疗目标。结果：SWL冲击次数为600~3000次，平均2346.2±483.8次。脉冲能量维持在4~5档，平均4.5档。患儿均在一期内排净结石，其中2周清石率为78.2%，3月清石率为100%。未发生任何麻醉意外以及严重SWL并发症。结论：采用仰卧位冲击波碎石治疗学龄前儿童下段输尿管结石的效果安全有效。
【关键词】：输尿管结石；碎石术；儿童
Shockwave lithotripsy in the supine position: treatmentof stonesforthe preschool age children with distal ureteral calculi. SunXizhao，WangYing，LuJjianlin.Department of urology, drum tower hospital,Nanjing University, Nanjing 21008.
【Abstract】Objective The aim of our study is to determine the efficacy and safety of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL)using supine positionas a method of treatment of distal ureteral stone in preschool age children. Methods 22 patients suffering from distal ureteral stone with average6.8mm (range 5～16mm)indimension were treated in supine position using Dornier Compact Swith X-ray localization.Theshockwave focusonthe stone via the sciaticum majus foramenfrom lumbosacral side.Procedures were performed under Ketamine in all patients.Result All patient werefree of stones after 1 SWL session.The stone-free rate was 78.2%at two weeks follow-up. The overall success rate was 100% at 3-month follow-up. There are negligible complicationsduring the intraoperative or postoperative periods.Conclusion Ourstudy demonstrates that SWL using supine positionis safe and effectiveas a method of treatment of distal ureteral stone in preschool age children.
【Keywords】ureteral stones;lithotripsy;children
冲击波碎石(SWL)是当今治疗下段输尿管结石的标准方法[1]。对于成年人下段输尿管结石，通常是采用经腹入路的俯卧位SWL[1,2]。然而，由于学龄前儿童在SWL时需用全身麻醉，采用俯卧位碎石往往会影响患儿的呼吸及其生命体征的监控。为克服这一弊端，我们对其试行了仰卧位SWL，以下报道治疗效果并扼要讨论相关技术问题。
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